What are the uses of beacons? - wifi

If probe response packets announces the capabilities of a network,
then what is the purpose of Beacon frames in wireless 802.11 ?

Among other things, beacons allow a device to passively scan all channels for available Access Points so that a list may be presented to a user showing signal strength. They also allow a device to detect if there is another Access Point on the same network and presumably on a different channel with a better signal.

Related

How to get the paired BLE device count?

Description - How I can get the number of BLE connection in iOS.
I want to restrict a user to add more BLE sensor after a particular number of BLE connection. I want to get the number of a BLE connection a device can handle.
A connection represents state, not traffic. The count of connections will be bound by either memory or the data structures used by the Bluetooth stack to manage them, both unknown. My answer is, "As many as it can and no more."
Packets represent traffic and each is handled one at a time. From this perspective, my answer is, "One."
However, if a packet cannot be processed out of the critical paths in the chip and protocol stack fast enough to begin processing the next packet, packets can be dropped. Experience has shown these critical paths in iOS are dependent on the traffic's packet size and rate. Additionally, other devices in the area not connected to your BLE stack may be flooding the radio spectrum and causing packet collisions outside the stack. I have seen BLE traffic go to hell with an excess of 20 connections and as few as one. From this perspective my answer is, "It depends."

Sending only one iBeacon Packet

Is it possible to send only 1 iBeacon packet? I have tried using CBPeripheralManager,but since there are only 2 method to start and stop advertising, so I can't control how many packet is being broadcast.
What I want to try to do is use an iBeacon packet as a command, instead of just a broadcasting some ID. So I could send 1 iBeacon packet, and if the receiver got the message, it can send back Acknowledgement with another iBeacon packet. The intention is to avoid the pairing of bluetooth to send very simple data. The information will be linked to UUID, major, and minor of the packet.
Or are there better ways to do this than using iBeacon.
Yes, you can use iBeacon technology to send information back and forth between two iOS devices without pairing. If you have two devices, Device A and Device B, you set both of them up to range for beacons with a common ProximityUUID, say, E2C56DB5-DFFB-48D2-B060-D0F5A71096E0. And then you can exchange information in the two byte major and minor fields.
What you can't do is control the transmitter enough to send only a single iBeacon advertisement. The transmitter in iOS sends out 10 advertisement packets per second, so the best you could do is start the transmitter then stop it on a timer about 100ms later. (You probably shouldn't do this, because there is no guarantee that a single iBeacon advertising packet will be received successfully by the other device -- it may be lost due to a CRC error in the radio noise. You are probably better off letting the packet continue to transmit until you can confirm from a response from the other device that it was received.)
You can see an example of starting and stopping a transmitter on a timer in my answer here.
Of course, there may be easier and more robust ways of accomplishing what you want with built-in Bluetooth data exchange mechanisms. But that doesn't change the fact that what you propose is certainly possible.
No you can't since iBeacon is uni-direction device

Able to receive a wifi packet through a Zigbee chip

I have a wireless sensor network deployed in a building. Each node is in a separate room. All the sensory data goes to a datastore.
The user once he/she gets to a room should be able to get the sensory data on his phone from the datastore, provided that we know in which room he/she is. GPS does not give high accurary neither infering it from the wifi signal strength. We thought of having the phone send a dummy frame through wifi that can be intercepted by the sensor node and then based on the node who gets it, or gets it first (in case many nodes intercept that frame) should give an indication to the system of what room the user is in
Wifi and Zigbee both communicate on 2.4Ghz. Is there a way I can intercept all the RF signals from the Zigbee node and entrepret the frame even if it is not a a Zigbee frame?
No, it's not possible, they use different signaling methods.

iOS Bluetooth Low Energy emission rate

Apologise for the probably use of the wrong word in my question but for the life of me I can't think of the right one.
Anyway, I've been playing about with the Bluetooth Low Energy and I'm trying to create something that is going to use the RSSI signal strength the BLE device emits. For this, I need it to emit its pulse multiple times per second.
Is there a way I can up the amount of times my devices either scan for a signal, or broadcast their signal through code on iOS devices?
No, there is no API for you to change the advertisement speed or radio power.
This aspect is fully controlled by the system. You can only start and stop the advertisement and add some metadata to the packets: device local name, advertised services, etc. Moreover, the contents of the advertisement packets will differ depending on whether your app is in the background or foreground and, additionally, in background it will be slowed down. These effects have been documented in various SO questions and in the header files.
If your clients are iOS applications, then they should use either the RSSI in the advertisement packets (centralManager:didDiscoverPeripheral:advertisementData:RSSI: method) or when connected, the readRSSI method on the peripheral object (just make sure you don't call it too often).

Communication between ZigBee and Bluetooth

Bluetooth and ZigBee devices are working or pairing within its own family devices based on parameters such as network layers, security algorithms, etc... I want to write an application to make a communication between ZigBee and Bluetooth device. Is it possible?
You would need to create a gateway between the two networks. Your application would need to interface with a ZigBee radio and a Bluetooth radio, join each network, and then proxy communications between devices on the networks.
What devices do you plan to bridge? Your application will need to appear as device X on the ZigBee network, and device Y on the Bluetooth network and convert data received to the correct format to send out on the other network.
If it were kept simple, something like this could work. A module that is a Zigbee presence, with a pairable bluetooth node. If a bluetooth-paired device comes near, the Zigbee announces itself as 'present'. When the bluuue tooth paired device is no longer around, the Zigbee device becomes "not present".

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