Tab autocompletion in Maxima - maxima

I'm beginner in Maxima. I'm sorry if I ask a basic and easy question.
The candidate of functions/variables will be shown in maxima prompt when TAB key is pressed.
for example,
(%i1) desc..
/*--> [TAB] is pressed. */
(%i1) DESCRIBE
/*Automatically the word is completed.*/
But "DESCRIBE" with capital letters isn't recognized by Maxima because Maxima is case-sensitive system. The command completion with lower-case letter is more preferable for me. Is there way to change the behavior in Maxima?
Environment & Software version
Maxima version: "5.32.1"
Host type: "x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu"

I'm pretty sure that is the autocompletion feature of the underlying Lisp system; Maxima itself does not have an autocompletion feature. Common Lisp has a very strange convention for symbol names; by default, symbol names are case insensitive, but the canonical name is uppercase. So foo, Foo, and FOO are all recognized as the same symbol which has the canonical name FOO. It doesn't matter to the Maxima user, but anyway that's why autocompletion yields DESCRIBE (a Lisp symbol) instead of describe.

As a workaround you can use wxMaxima as a front end that offers its own (hopefully bug-free ;-) ) autocompletion that is triggered by Ctrl+Tab or Ctrl+Space.

Related

Agda: How to check the type even when file doesn't typecheck yet?

In agda-mode there is C-c C-d command to infer a type of expression. This is especially needed when we arrive at a type error! But exactly then this command doesn't work. I would guess that this is because the feature wants to evaluate the expression type in the context of the working file. Rightfully so - but is there a way to bypass it and for example find the expression type in the context of the longest typechecking prefix of a file?
I'm using agda-mode for vs-code but emacs tips are appreciated as well as they hopefully translate.
Also did I miss some feature to infer the type of expression at cursor? The way I use C-c C-d (infer type) is after this command I input the expression of interest manually (or paste it). Would be nice to get a type of the word the cursor points to.

how to add subscript(or superscript) in notion block?

i am new in using notion as a notebook.Before this,i use oneNote instead,because i found that notion is more convinient in same ways.But one thing making me annoyed is that i can't add subscript(or superscript) in notion text block。Are there any fellows can handle this?
as shown:
text with subscript i need
when i edit in notion block i get like this
For subscript:
/math
Then C_1 renders C1
For superscript:
/math
Then C^2 renders C2
In the latest version as of writing, you could use:
$$c^2$$ - for superscript
$$c_2$$ - for subscript
If you write any mathematical equation between $$ $$, it will render beautifully on notion.
For more than 1 character superscript
/math
P^{xyz}
Result: Pxyz
For more than 1 character subscript
/math
P_{xyz}
Result: Pxyz
In fact, this works for 1 or many characters as subscript or superscript.
Even I just started using notion and faced the same problem. The solution I found was to keep a tab of laTex containing the syntax for all the required math formulae open. It is only temporary as you will get used to them pretty quickly.
You can use tex to write things is superscript or subscript or basically any type of formulae , but its still in tex.
I did and worked on my Notion
Step 1: Choose what to add subscript(or superscript) in notion block (Example a^n)
Step 2: Choose symbol sqrt(x)
Step 3: Press "Done"
In Notion, there are two ways to add math formulas: inline equations and block equations. Both use KaTeX formatting to show the formulas. KaTeX is a TeX display formulas method based on JavaScrpt language. When you place a block or inline equation, for your example, you have to do something like that in the code:
w_{1}=0 ~,~ w_{2}=1
Note that spaces are not rendered, you gotta use ~ separate things, and the { } on these subscripts are optional because when not placed, the "" will take just the first next character. To do superscript, change the "" to "^". You can combine both in the same main variable, like w_2^2=1.
In the following links, you can see a Notion's guide about how to use it, the supported features KaTeX allows you to do, and a link to easy creating formulas.
Notion:
https://www.notion.so/help/math-equations
KaTeX Supported Functions:
https://katex.org/docs/supported.html or
https://katex.org/docs/support_table.html
Easy web TeX editor:
https://atomurl.net/math/
Take time to try and explore writing by typping. Then, when you get used to it, it flows easily like writing regular text.
For anyone stumbling upon this question who does not want to write math equations but simply wants to add a couple of superscript or exponent elements to a Notion page, for instance to write footnotes: there seems to be no way to add "simple" superscript (inline and with the same font), but you can use superscript unicode characters, for instance with a tool such as this one.
It is not perfect as many characters are not available, but will cover many¹ common² uses³ of superscriptᶜᶦᵗᵃᵗᶦᵒⁿ ⁿᵉᵉᵈᵉᵈ.

Scheme - Can a Double-Quote Delimit a Number?

I'm currently implementing a web-based Scheme environment for the kicks and giggles. Whilst implementing the parser, I stumbled across an oddity: some Scheme implementations state that a number's digits are read until a delimiter is met, but they also claim a double-quote is a valid delimiter. Successfully evaluating 123"abc" seems odd to me, but Racket seems to do it, displaying 123 and "abc" sequentially.
Confused, I booted up Gimp and went into it's Script-Fu console, which is Guile Scheme underneath. Giving it the same expression, it complains about an unbound value; so it's trying to parse it as a symbol?
I tried out JScheme as a 'third opinion'. It also complained about an undefined variable.
TL;DR: What should Scheme's behaviour be here?
Side-note: given the latter two's complaints, I tried the following:
(define 123"abc" 10)
123"abc"
It evaluated as 10. I'm confused. Shouldn't the double-quotes mark cause the parser to bail out rather than assign the symbol?
Try this on your chosen Scheme implementation (you may need to load in SRFI 6 before string ports will work):
(call-with-input-string "(123\"abc\")" read)
On both Racket and Guile, this reads in as (123 "abc"), which is exactly as I expect. From a quick glance at R5RS's "Lexical structure" section, I believe that implementations that return something different, like (|123"abc"|), are probably non-conformant.

In reStructuredText greek alpha needs "\\", other greek letters only "\" when target is pdf

I recently discovered reST/Sphinx and tried to use it to document a python class I had written some time before.
After some experimentation I found out I needed to write :math:`K_\\alpha` to get the greek letter in the subscript while using the make latexpdf target. With a single \ there were errors. Strangely enough every other greek letter only needed a single \ to produce the desired output.
What is happening?
Thank you so much for asking this. It finally helped me solve my related problem.
For me, \alpha and \beta both fail.
They both fail even without the subscript part coming into play. But if I use the curly braces it works:
:math:`\alpha`
does not compile
:math:`{\alpha}`
gives me the symbol I want
:math:`{\\alpha}`
gives me the word 'alpha' written as adjacent math variables a, l, p, h, a.
To get a K followed by a subscripted α in inline text, use
:math:`K_{\alpha}`
Note curly braces and backticks. It works fine and is what you would expect based on these references:
http://www.emerson.emory.edu/services/latex/latex_117.html
http://sphinx-doc.org/ext/math.html#role-math
In math markup used in Python docstrings, you need two backslashes (or use "raw" strings):
:math:`K_{\\alpha}`
Edit: I was wrong about the curly braces. It turns out that these two samples give the same result in the PDF output:
:math:`K_{\alpha}`
and
:math:`K_\alpha`
What is happening?
\a is interpreted as a control character ("bell", just like e.g. \n "end of line"). Notably, \b (backspace) could be a control character as well, but is for some reason not interpreted as such.
Note that another possible workaround is using raw strings (r"""some text"""), as noted also in the sphinx math documentation 2.
Sources: Wikipedia, Sphinx documentation, "Math support in Sphinx"

Is there a calculator with LaTeX-syntax?

When I write math in LaTeX I often need to perform simple arithmetic on numbers in my LaTeX source, like 515.1544 + 454 = ???.
I usually copy-paste the LaTeX code into Google to get the result, but I still have to manually change the syntax, e.g.
\frac{154,7}{25} - (289 - \frac{1337}{42})
must be changed to
154,7/25 - (289 - 1337/42)
It seems trivial to write a program to do this for the most commonly used operations.
Is there a calculator which understand this syntax?
EDIT:
I know that doing this perfectly is impossible (because of the halting problem). Doing it for the simple cases I need is trivial. \frac, \cdot, \sqrt and a few other tags would do the trick. The program could just return an error for cases it does not understand.
WolframAlpha can take input in TeX form.
http://blog.wolframalpha.com/2010/09/30/talk-to-wolframalpha-in-tex/
The LaTeXCalc project is designed to do just that. It will read a TeX file and do the computations. For more information check out the home page at http://latexcalc.sourceforge.net/
The calc package allows you to do some calculations in source, but only within commands like \setcounter and \addtolength. As far as I can tell, this is not what you want.
If you already use sage, then the sagetex package is pretty awesome (if not, it's overkill). It allows you get nicely formatted output from input like this:
The square of
$\begin{pmatrix}
1 & 2 \\
3 & 4
\end{pmatrix}$
is \sage{matrix([[1, 2], [3,4]])^2}.
The prime factorization of the current page number is \sage{factor(\thepage)}
As Andy says, the answer is yes there is a calculator that can understand most latex formulas: Emacs.
Try the following steps (assuming vanilla emacs):
Open emacs
Open your .tex file (or activate latex-mode)
position the point somewhere between the two $$ or e.g. inside the begin/end environment of the formula (or even matrix).
use calc embedded mode for maximum awesomeness
So with point in the formula you gave above:
$\frac{154,7}{25} - (289 - \frac{1337}{42})$
press C-x * d to duplicate the formula in the line below and enter calc-embedded mode which should already have activated a latex variant of calc for you. Your buffer now looks like this:
$\frac{154,7}{25} - (289 - \frac{1337}{42})$
$\frac{-37651}{150}$`
Note that the fraction as already been transformed as far as possible. Doing the same again (C-x * d) and pressing c f to convert the fractional into a floating point number yields the following buffer:
$\frac{154,7}{25} - (289 - \frac{1337}{42})$
$\frac{-37651}{150}$
$-251.006666667$
I used C-x * d to duplicate the formula and then enter embedded mode in order to have the intermediate values, however there is also C-x * e which avoids the duplication and simply enters embedded mode for the current formula.
If you are interested you should really have a look at the info page for Emacs Calc - Embedded Mode. And in general the help for the Gnu Emaca Calculator together with the awesome interactive tutorial.
You can run an R function called Sweave on a (mostly TeX with some R) file that can replace R expressions with their results in Tex.
A tutorial can be found here: http://www.scribd.com/doc/6451985/Learning-to-Sweave-in-APA-Style
My calculator can do that. To get the formatted output, double-click the result formula and press ctrl+c to copy it.
It can do fairly advanced stuff too (differentiation, easy integrals (and not that easy ones)...).
https://calculator-algebra.org/
A sample computation:
https://calculator-algebra.org:8166/#%7B%22currentPage%22%3A%22calculator%22%2C%22calculatorInput%22%3A%22%5C%5Cfrac%7B1%2B2%7D%7B3%7D%3B%20d%2Fdx(arctan%20(2x%2B3))%22%2C%22monitoring%22%3A%22true%22%7D
There is a way to do what you want just not quite how you describe.
You can use the fp package (\usepackage[options]{fp}) the floating point package will do anything you want; solving equations, adding dividing and many more. Unfortunately it will not read the LaTeX math you instead have to do something a little different, the documentation is very poor so I'll give an example here.
for instance if you want to do (2x3)/5 you would type:
\FPmul\p{2}{3} % \p is the assignment of the operation 2x3
\FPupn\p{\p{} 7 round} % upn evaluates the assignment \p and rounds to 7dp
\FPdiv\q{\p}{5} % divides the assigned value p by 5 names result q
\FPupn\q{\q{} 4 round} % rounds the result to 4 decimal places and evaluates
$\frac{2\times3}{5}=\FPprint\q$ % This will print the result of the calculations in the math.
the FP commands are always ibvisible, only FPprint prints the result associated with it so your documents will not be messy, FP commands can be placed wherever you wish (not verb) as long as they are before the associated FPprint.
You could just paste it into symbolab which as a bonus has free step by step solutions. Also since symbolab uses mathquill it instantly formats your latex.
Considering that LaTeX itself is a Turing-complete markup language I strongly doubt you can build something like this that isn't built directly into LaTeX. Furthermore, LaTeX math matkup itself has next to no semantic meaning, it merely describes the visual appearance.
That being said, you can probably hack together something which recognizes a non-programmable subset of LaTeX math markup and spits out the result in the same way. If all you're interested in is simple arithmetics with fractions and integers (careful with decimal fractions, though, as they may appear as 3{,}141... in German texts :)) this shouldn't be too hard. But once you start with integrals, matrices, etc. I fear that LaTeX lacks expressiveness to accurately describe your intentions. It is a document preparation system, after all and thus not very suitable as input for computer algebra systems.
Side note: You can switch to Word which has—in its current version—a math markup language which is sufficiently LaTeX-like (by now it even supports LaTeX markup) and yet still Google-friendly for simpler terms:
With the free Microsoft Math add-in you can even let Word calculate expressions in-place:
There is none, because it is generally not possible.
LaTeX math mode markup is presentational markup and there are cases in which it does not provide enough information to calculate the expression.
That was one of the reasons MathML content markup was created and also why MathML is used in Mathematica. MathML actually is sort of two languages in one:
presentation markup
content markup
To accomplish what you are after you'll have to have MathML with comibned presentation and content markup (see MathML spec).
In my opinion your best bet is to use MathML (even if it is verbose) and convert to LaTeX when necessary. That said, I also like LaTeX syntax best and maybe what we need is a compact syntax for MathML (something similar in spirit to RelaxNG compact syntax).
For calculations with LaTeX you can use a CalcTeX package.
This package understand elements of LaTeX language and makes an calculations, for example your problem is avialble on
http://sg.bzip.pl/CalcTeX/examples/frac.tgz
or just please write
\noindent
For calculation please use following enviromentals
$515.1544 + 454$
or
\[ \frac{154.7}{25}-(289-\frac{1337}{42.})
\]
or
\begin{equation}
154.7/25-(289-1337/42.)
\end{equation}
For more info please visite project web site or contact author of this project.
For performing the math within your LaTeX itself, you might also look into the pgfmath package, which is more powerful and convenient than the calc package. You can find out how to use it from Part VI of The TikZ and PGF Packages Manual, which you can find here (version 2.10 currently): http://mirror.unl.edu/ctan/graphics/pgf/base/doc/generic/pgf/pgfmanual.pdf
Emacs calc-mode accepts latex-input. I use it daily. Press "d", followed by "L" to enter latex input mode. Press "'" to open a prompt where you can paste your tex.
Anyone saing it is not possible is wrong.
IIRC Mathematica can do it.
There is none, because it is generally not possible. LaTeX math mode
markup is presentational markup and there are cases in which it does
not provide enough information to calculate the expression.
You are right. LaTeX as it is does not provide enough info to make any calculations.Moreover, it does not represent any information to do it. But nobody prevents to wright in LaTeX format a text that contains such an information.
It is a difficult path, because you need to build a system of rules superimposed on what content ofthe text in Latex format needs to contain that it would be recognizable by your interpreter. And then convince the user that it is necessary to learn, etc. etc...
The easiest way to create a logical and intuitive calculator of mathematical expressions. And the expression is already possible to convert latex. It's almost like what you said. This is implemented in the program which I have pointed to. AnEasyCalc allows to type an expression as you type the plane text in any text editor. It checks, calculates and generate LateX string by its own then. Its very easy and rapid work. Just try and you will see that.
This is not exactly what you are asking for but it is a nice package
that you can include in a LaTeX document to do all kind of operations including arithmetic, calculus and even vectors and matrices:
The package name is "calculator"
http://mirror.unl.edu/ctan/macros/latex/contrib/calculator/calculator.pdf
The latex2sympy2 Python library can parse LaTeX math expressions.
from latex2sympy2 import latex2sympy
tex_str = r"""YOUR TEX MATH HERE"""
tex_str = r"\frac{9\pi}{\ln(12)}+22" # example TeX math
sympy_object = latex2sympy(tex_str)
evaluated_tex = float(sympy_object.evalf())
print(evaluated_tex)
This Python 3 code evaluates 9𝜋/ln(12)+22 (in its LaTeX from above) to 33.37842899841745.
The snippet above only handles basic algebraic simplification (math expressions without variables). Since the library converts LaTeX math to SymPy objects, the above code can easily be tweaked and extended to handle much more complicated LaTeX math (including solving derivatives, integrals, etc...).
The latex2sympy2 library can be installed via the pip command: pip install --user latex2sympy2
<>
try the AnEasyCalc program. It allows to get the latex formula very easy:
http://steamandwater.od.ua/AnEasyCalc/
:)

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