I have created a basic chunk generator, a chunk is area filled with squares, when the player moves a few blocks away from 0,0 it works correctly but after moving 4 chunks away it renders more then one chunk instead of one, I am not sure what I am doing wrong, I have given it a go changing some values, but I am left head scratching.
here is the full code, you can copy and paste into VSCODE with love2D to see what happens.
I think the main issue is somewhere around check_boarders function since that is what checks if the player is inside a chunk.
function Key_input(key)
if love.keyboard.isDown(key) then
return 1
else
return 0
end
end
function love.load()
Camera = require "camera"
Cam = Camera()
Basic_Player = {}
Basic_Player.X = 100
Basic_Player.Y = 100
Basic_Player.Speed = 15
Movement = {}
end
function love.update(dt)
Movement.X = Key_input("d") - Key_input("a")
Movement.Y = Key_input("s") - Key_input("w")
Basic_Player.X = Basic_Player.X + Movement.X * Basic_Player.Speed
Basic_Player.Y = Basic_Player.Y + Movement.Y * Basic_Player.Speed
Cam:lookAt(Basic_Player.X,Basic_Player.Y)
X, Y = Cam:position() -- Set cam position to global values
end
function love.draw()
love.graphics.setBackgroundColor(0.5,0.5,0.9)
Cam:attach() -- Renders the player and world inside its own scene
generate_world(10,0)
love.graphics.setColor( 0,0,1, 1 )
love.graphics.rectangle("fill",Basic_Player.X,Basic_Player.Y,30,30)
love.graphics.setColor( 1,1,1, 1 )
Cam:detach()
love.graphics.setColor( 1,0,0, 1 ) --Stays on the screen
love.graphics.print(X .. " / " .. Y ,300,400)
love.graphics.print(love.timer.getFPS( ) ,300,450)
love.graphics.setColor( 1,1,1, 1 )
end
function old_generate_world(_world_size, _seed) -- Before optimization
local _chunk_size = 30
local _block_size = 30
for i = 0, _world_size - 1 do
for f = 0, _world_size - 1 do
local x_val = (_chunk_size * _block_size) * i -- Position value for actually building the chunks
local y_val = (_chunk_size * _block_size) * f
gen_chunk(_chunk_size,_block_size,_seed,{X = x_val ,Y = y_val })
end
end
end
function generate_world(_world_size, _seed)
local _chunk_size = 10 -- Chunk size width and height
local _block_size = 30 -- block size inside the chunk
for i = 0, _world_size - 1 do -- loop through world size
for f = 0, _world_size - 1 do
local x_val = (_chunk_size * _block_size) * i -- Position value for actually building the chunks
local y_val = (_chunk_size * _block_size) * f
local chunk_x_local_size = 0 -- To make sure we get a length for when i and f = 0
local chunk_y_local_size = 0
if i == 0 then -- To make sure the size of the chunk isnt zero
chunk_x_local_size = _chunk_size * _block_size -- Get length of chunk when i = 0
else
chunk_x_local_size = x_val
end
if f == 0 then -- ditto
chunk_y_local_size = _chunk_size * _block_size
else
chunk_y_local_size = y_val
end
-- Checks if the player is inside a chunk if true draw it.
if Check_boarders({X = X,Y = Y},{X = x_val,Y = y_val}, {X = chunk_x_local_size, Y = chunk_y_local_size}) then
gen_chunk(_chunk_size,_block_size,_seed,{X = x_val ,Y = y_val }) -- Actually generate the chunk
end
love.graphics.setColor( 0,1,0, 1 )
love.graphics.rectangle("fill",x_val,y_val,15,15)
love.graphics.setColor( 1,1,1, 1 )
end
end
end
function Check_boarders(player_pos, boarder_pos, chunk_length) -- Checks player position is inside the boarder of the currently generated chunk
if player_pos.X > boarder_pos.X and player_pos.X < boarder_pos.X + chunk_length.X then -- Check if the player is greater then top left and less then top right
if player_pos.Y > boarder_pos.Y and player_pos.Y < boarder_pos.Y + chunk_length.Y then -- check if player is greater then top and less then bottom left
return true
end
end
return false
end
function gen_chunk(chunk_size,block_size,seed,position) -- chunk size is how many blocks inside the chunk, block size is self explain, seed n/a, pos starting chunk position
for i = 0, chunk_size - 1 do
for e = 0, chunk_size - 1 do -- loop until chunk size is met this is the amount of blocks being created
love.graphics.rectangle("fill",position.X + i * block_size,position.Y + e * block_size,block_size - 1,block_size - 1)
end
end
love.graphics.setColor( 1,0,0, 1 )
love.graphics.rectangle("fill",position.X ,position.Y,6,6)
love.graphics.setColor( 1,1,1, 1 )
end
You will need this camera.lua script just create it and paste this into it:
local _PATH = (...):match('^(.*[%./])[^%.%/]+$') or ''
local cos, sin = math.cos, math.sin
local camera = {}
camera.__index = camera
-- Movement interpolators (for camera locking/windowing)
camera.smooth = {}
function camera.smooth.none()
return function(dx,dy) return dx,dy end
end
function camera.smooth.linear(speed)
assert(type(speed) == "number", "Invalid parameter: speed = "..tostring(speed))
return function(dx,dy, s)
-- normalize direction
local d = math.sqrt(dx*dx+dy*dy)
local dts = math.min((s or speed) * love.timer.getDelta(), d) -- prevent overshooting the goal
if d > 0 then
dx,dy = dx/d, dy/d
end
return dx*dts, dy*dts
end
end
function camera.smooth.damped(stiffness)
assert(type(stiffness) == "number", "Invalid parameter: stiffness = "..tostring(stiffness))
return function(dx,dy, s)
local dts = love.timer.getDelta() * (s or stiffness)
return dx*dts, dy*dts
end
end
local function new(x,y, zoom, rot, smoother)
x,y = x or love.graphics.getWidth()/2, y or love.graphics.getHeight()/2
zoom = zoom or 1
rot = rot or 0
smoother = smoother or camera.smooth.none() -- for locking, see below
return setmetatable({x = x, y = y, scale = zoom, rot = rot, smoother = smoother}, camera)
end
function camera:lookAt(x,y)
self.x, self.y = x, y
return self
end
function camera:move(dx,dy)
self.x, self.y = self.x + dx, self.y + dy
return self
end
function camera:position()
return self.x, self.y
end
function camera:rotate(phi)
self.rot = self.rot + phi
return self
end
function camera:rotateTo(phi)
self.rot = phi
return self
end
function camera:zoom(mul)
self.scale = self.scale * mul
return self
end
function camera:zoomTo(zoom)
self.scale = zoom
return self
end
function camera:attach(x,y,w,h, noclip)
x,y = x or 0, y or 0
w,h = w or love.graphics.getWidth(), h or love.graphics.getHeight()
self._sx,self._sy,self._sw,self._sh = love.graphics.getScissor()
if not noclip then
love.graphics.setScissor(x,y,w,h)
end
local cx,cy = x+w/2, y+h/2
love.graphics.push()
love.graphics.translate(cx, cy)
love.graphics.scale(self.scale)
love.graphics.rotate(self.rot)
love.graphics.translate(-self.x, -self.y)
end
function camera:detach()
love.graphics.pop()
love.graphics.setScissor(self._sx,self._sy,self._sw,self._sh)
end
function camera:draw(...)
local x,y,w,h,noclip,func
local nargs = select("#", ...)
if nargs == 1 then
func = ...
elseif nargs == 5 then
x,y,w,h,func = ...
elseif nargs == 6 then
x,y,w,h,noclip,func = ...
else
error("Invalid arguments to camera:draw()")
end
self:attach(x,y,w,h,noclip)
func()
self:detach()
end
-- world coordinates to camera coordinates
function camera:cameraCoords(x,y, ox,oy,w,h)
ox, oy = ox or 0, oy or 0
w,h = w or love.graphics.getWidth(), h or love.graphics.getHeight()
-- x,y = ((x,y) - (self.x, self.y)):rotated(self.rot) * self.scale + center
local c,s = cos(self.rot), sin(self.rot)
x,y = x - self.x, y - self.y
x,y = c*x - s*y, s*x + c*y
return x*self.scale + w/2 + ox, y*self.scale + h/2 + oy
end
-- camera coordinates to world coordinates
function camera:worldCoords(x,y, ox,oy,w,h)
ox, oy = ox or 0, oy or 0
w,h = w or love.graphics.getWidth(), h or love.graphics.getHeight()
-- x,y = (((x,y) - center) / self.scale):rotated(-self.rot) + (self.x,self.y)
local c,s = cos(-self.rot), sin(-self.rot)
x,y = (x - w/2 - ox) / self.scale, (y - h/2 - oy) / self.scale
x,y = c*x - s*y, s*x + c*y
return x+self.x, y+self.y
end
function camera:mousePosition(ox,oy,w,h)
local mx,my = love.mouse.getPosition()
return self:worldCoords(mx,my, ox,oy,w,h)
end
-- camera scrolling utilities
function camera:lockX(x, smoother, ...)
local dx, dy = (smoother or self.smoother)(x - self.x, self.y, ...)
self.x = self.x + dx
return self
end
function camera:lockY(y, smoother, ...)
local dx, dy = (smoother or self.smoother)(self.x, y - self.y, ...)
self.y = self.y + dy
return self
end
function camera:lockPosition(x,y, smoother, ...)
return self:move((smoother or self.smoother)(x - self.x, y - self.y, ...))
end
function camera:lockWindow(x, y, x_min, x_max, y_min, y_max, smoother, ...)
-- figure out displacement in camera coordinates
x,y = self:cameraCoords(x,y)
local dx, dy = 0,0
if x < x_min then
dx = x - x_min
elseif x > x_max then
dx = x - x_max
end
if y < y_min then
dy = y - y_min
elseif y > y_max then
dy = y - y_max
end
-- transform displacement to movement in world coordinates
local c,s = cos(-self.rot), sin(-self.rot)
dx,dy = (c*dx - s*dy) / self.scale, (s*dx + c*dy) / self.scale
-- move
self:move((smoother or self.smoother)(dx,dy,...))
end
-- the module
return setmetatable({new = new, smooth = camera.smooth},
{__call = function(_, ...) return new(...) end})
I have tried to add horizontal movement into my game in love, but I haven't found a way yet. This is my code.
PADDLE_SPEED = 200
player1 = Paddle(10, 30, 5, 20)
player1 = Paddle(10, 30, 5, 20)
player2 = Paddle(VIRTUAL_WIDTH - 15, VIRTUAL_HEIGHT - 30, 5, 20)
player3 = Paddle(30, 10, 20, 5)
player4 = Paddle(VIRTUAL_WIDTH - 30, VIRTUAL_HEIGHT - 15, 20, 5)
ball = Ball(VIRTUAL_WIDTH / 2 - 2, VIRTUAL_HEIGHT / 2 - 2, 4, 4)
if love.keyboard.isDown('w') then
player1.dy = -PADDLE_SPEED
elseif love.keyboard.isDown('s') then
player1.dy = PADDLE_SPEED
else
player1.dy = 0
end
if love.keyboard.isDown('a') then
player1.dx = PADDLE_SPEED
elseif love.keyboard.isDown('d') then
player1.dx = -PADDLE_SPEED
else
player1.dx = 0
end
if love.keyboard.isDown('a') then
player1.dx = -PADDLE_SPEED
elseif love.keyboard.isDown('d') then
player1.dy = PADDLE_SPEED
else
player1.dx = 0
end
if love.keyboard.isDown('up') then
player2.dy = -PADDLE_SPEED
elseif love.keyboard.isDown('down') then
player2.dy = PADDLE_SPEED
else
player2.dy = 0
end
if love.keyboard.isDown('i') then
player3.dy = -PADDLE_SPEED
elseif love.keyboard.isDown('k') then
player3.dy = PADDLE_SPEED
else
player3.dy = 0
end
if love.keyboard.isDown('g') then
player4.dy = -PADDLE_SPEED
elseif love.keyboard.isDown('b') then
player4.dy = PADDLE_SPEED
else
player4.dy = 0
end
This is my class that I call Paddle
Paddle = Class{}
function Paddle:init(x, y, width, height)
self.x = x
self.y = y
self.width = width
self.height = height
self.dy = 0
self.dx = 0
end
function Paddle:update(dt)
if self.dy < 0 then
self.y = math.max(0, self.y + self.dy * dt)
else
self.y = math.min(VIRTUAL_HEIGHT - self.height, self.y + self.dy * dt)
end
end
function Paddle:render()
love.graphics.rectangle('fill', self.x, self.y, self.width, self.height)
end
I would try drawing the rectangles individually, but I would have to remove all the code that includes player1-4. Is there any way that I can set a variable like PADDLE_SPEED to a number?
So your not quite instantiating your Paddle class correctly. Based on Lua's documentation, I changed some things in your paddle class.
Paddle.lua
Paddle={x=0,y=0,width=0,height=0}
function Paddle:new(o)
o = o or {}
setmetatable(o, self)
self.__index = self
return o
end
function Paddle:update(dt)
if self.dy < 0 then
self.y = math.max(0, self.y + self.dy * dt)
else
self.y = math.min(VIRTUAL_HEIGHT - self.height, self.y + self.dy * dt)
end
end
function Paddle:render()
love.graphics.rectangle('fill', self.x, self.y, self.width, self.height)
end
Also I'm not sure what you just didn't include in you question, but I set up your core 3 functions (love.load(), love.update(dt), and love.draw()), set values for VIRTUAL_WIDTH AND VIRTUAL_HEIGHT, and instantiated your player classes according to how the Lua documentation specifies
The main thing that might be your problem is that your assigning the speeds to your player objects dy and dx values. These are made up values that you've created for your player object. They don't do anything unless you later access them and use them somehow. I think what you are trying to do is change the x and y position of your player objects. You can do this by taking the players current x or y position and adding or subtracting the PADDLE_SPEED * dt(the number of seconds that have passed since the last execution of love.update(dt)
main.lua
require('Paddle')
function love.load()
--initial graphics setup
love.graphics.setBackgroundColor(0.41, 0.53, 0.97)
love.window.setMode(1000, 600)
PADDLE_SPEED = 200
VIRTUAL_WIDTH = 30
VIRTUAL_HEIGHT = 30
player1 = Paddle:new{x=10, y=30, width=5, height=20}
player2 = Paddle:new{x=VIRTUAL_WIDTH-15, y=VIRTUAL_HEIGHT-30, width=5, height=20}
player3 = Paddle:new{x=30, y=10, width=20, height=5}
player4 = Paddle:new{x=VIRTUAL_WIDTH-30, y=VIRTUAL_HEIGHT-15, width=20, height=5}
-- ball = Ball(VIRTUAL_WIDTH / 2 - 2, VIRTUAL_HEIGHT / 2 - 2, 4, 4)
end
function love.update(dt)
if love.keyboard.isDown('w') then
player1.y = player1.y + PADDLE_SPEED * dt
elseif love.keyboard.isDown('s') then
player1.y = player1.y - PADDLE_SPEED * dt
end
if love.keyboard.isDown('a') then
player1.x = player1.x + PADDLE_SPEED * dt
elseif love.keyboard.isDown('d') then
player1.x = player1.x - PADDLE_SPEED * dt
end
if love.keyboard.isDown('a') then
player2.x = player2.x - PADDLE_SPEED * dt
elseif love.keyboard.isDown('d') then
player2.x = player2.x + PADDLE_SPEED * dt
end
if love.keyboard.isDown('up') then
player2.y = player2.y - PADDLE_SPEED * dt
elseif love.keyboard.isDown('down') then
player2.y = player2.y + PADDLE_SPEED * dt
end
if love.keyboard.isDown('i') then
player3.y = player3.y - PADDLE_SPEED * dt
elseif love.keyboard.isDown('k') then
player3.y = player3.y + PADDLE_SPEED * dt
end
if love.keyboard.isDown('g') then
player4.y = player4.y - PADDLE_SPEED * dt
elseif love.keyboard.isDown('b') then
player4.y = player4.y + PADDLE_SPEED * dt
end
end
function love.draw()
player1:render()
player2:render()
player3:render()
player4:render()
end
So your ball won't work, because I don't know exactly what you want with it, and your Paddle:update(dt) still won't work because I don't know exactly what you want. When you do get Paddle:update(dt) working make sure you include player1:update(dt), player2:update(dt) ... inside your love:update(dt) function or else none of your players will update.
You should get horizontal and vertical movement of your blocks though
P.S. If you post a question a again, you should make sure that you specify exactly what isn't working. Some of your details were missing, and I wasn't sure if that was the part you were asking about, or you had those details in your original code and were asking about something else.
It seems like you probably want to deal with collisions. Here's another answer where i kind of explain collisions, but I would probably recommend love.physics for this type of scenario
I'm building a simple shooting game on Love2d, everything seems smooth at first, but then after I add the check collision function, I tried to open the game but I got 'not responding' message. So I'm not sure what's the problem here.
I use the collision function taken from love2d forums. It keep giving message that "compare number with nil" and after I put on some game state conditions, it give me 'not responding' massage. Below is my code.
Main.lua
WIDTH = 480
HEIGHT = 800
Class = require 'Class'
require 'Player'
require 'Enemies'
PLAYER_SPEED = 150
BULLET_SPEED = 250
createEnemyTimerMax = 0.4
createEnemyTimer = createEnemyTimerMax
isAlive = true
score = 0
-- called when game starts
-- load images, sounds of the game here
function love.load(arg)
gamestate = 'play'
background = love.graphics.newImage('gfx/milkyway.png')
-- initialize player
player = Player(200, 710)
-- initialize bullet
-- render image to map
bulletimage = love.graphics.newImage('gfx/bullet.png')
-- Entity storage
bullets = {} -- array of current bullets being drawn and updated
enemy = Enemies(math.random(10, 200), math.random(10, 200))
end
function love.update(dt)
-- keypress for shooting
love.keyboard.keysPressed = {}
love.keyboard.keysReleased = {}
-- move the player
if love.keyboard.isDown('left', 'a') then
if player.x > 0 then
player.x = player.x - (PLAYER_SPEED * dt)
end
elseif love.keyboard.isDown('right', 'd') then
if player.x < (love.graphics.getWidth() - player.img:getWidth()) then
player.x = player.x + (PLAYER_SPEED * dt)
end
elseif love.keyboard.isDown('up', 'w') then
if player.y > 0 then
player.y = player.y - (PLAYER_SPEED * dt)
end
elseif love.keyboard.isDown('down', 's') then
if player.y < (love.graphics.getHeight() - player.img:getHeight()) then
player.y = player.y + (PLAYER_SPEED * dt)
end
end
-- reset the game
if gamestate == 'done' and love.keyboard.isDown('r') then
gamestate = 'play'
-- remove all the bullets and enemies from the screen
bullets = {}
enemies = {}
-- reset timers
createEnemyTimer = createEnemyTimerMax
-- move player to default position
player.x = 200
player.y = 710
-- reset gamestate
score = 0
isAlive = true
end
-- keep updating the positions of bullets when shooting
for i, bullet in ipairs(bullets) do
bullet.y = bullet.y - (BULLET_SPEED * dt)
-- remove bullets when they pass off the screen
if bullet.y < 0 then
table.remove(bullets, i)
end
end
Player:update()
Enemies:update(dt)
end
-- global key pressed function
function love.keyboard.wasPressed(key)
if (love.keyboard.keysPressed[key]) then
return true
else
return false
end
end
-- global key released function
function love.keyboard.wasReleased(key)
if (love.keyboard.keysReleased[key]) then
return true
else
return false
end
end
-- called whenever a key is released
function love.keyreleased(key)
love.keyboard.keysReleased[key] = true
end
-- called whenever a key is pressed
function love.keypressed(key)
dt = love.timer.getDelta()
-- to exit the game
if love.keyboard.isDown('escape') then
love.event.quit()
end
-- create bullets when shooting
if love.keyboard.isDown('space') then
newBullet = {x = player.x + (player.img:getWidth() / 2),
y = player.y, img = bulletimage}
table.insert(bullets, newBullet)
end
love.keyboard.keysPressed[key] = true
end
function love.draw(dt)
-- set background image
love.graphics.clear(51/255, 43/255, 68/255, 1)
drawBackground()
-- draw player
if gamestate == 'play' then
player:render()
elseif gamestate == 'done' then
love.graphics.print("Press 'R' to restart", WIDTH / 2 - 50, HEIGHT / 2 - 10)
end
love.graphics.setDefaultFilter('nearest', 'nearest')
-- draw bullets
for i, bullet in ipairs(bullets) do
love.graphics.draw(bulletimage, bullet.x, bullet.y, 3)
end
-- draw enemies
enemy:render()
end
-- background is distributed for free on pixelstalk.net
function drawBackground()
for i = 0, love.graphics.getWidth() / background:getWidth() do
for j = 0, love.graphics.getHeight() / background:getHeight() do
love.graphics.draw(background, i * background:getWidth(), j * background:getHeight())
end
end
end
Enemies.lua
Enemies = Class{}
function Enemies:init(x, y)
self.x = x
self.y = y
enemies = {} -- array of current enemies on the screen
-- render image to map
self.enemyimg = love.graphics.newImage('gfx/enemy.png')
self.width = self.enemyimg:getWidth()
self.height = self.enemyimg:getHeight()
end
function Enemies:update(dt)
createEnemyTimer = createEnemyTimer - (1 * dt)
if createEnemyTimer < 0 then
createEnemyTimer = createEnemyTimerMax
-- create an enemy
randomNumber = math.random(10, love.graphics.getWidth() - 10)
newEnemy = { x = randomNumber, y = -10, img = self.enemyimg}
table.insert(enemies, newEnemy)
end
-- keep updating the positions of enemies
for i, enemy in ipairs(enemies) do
enemy.y = enemy.y + (200 * dt)
-- remove enemies when they pass off the screen
if enemy.y > 850 then
table.remove(enemies, i)
end
end
-- run our collision detection
-- also we need to see if enemies hit our player
while gamestate == 'play' do
for i, enemy in ipairs(enemies) do
for j, bullet in ipairs(bullets) do
if CheckCollision(self.x, self.y, self.width, self.height,
bullet.x, bullet.y, bullet.bulletimage:getWidth(), bullet.bulletimage:getHeight()) then
table.remove(bullets, j)
table.remove(enemies, i)
score = score + 1
end
end
if CheckCollision(self.x, self.y, self.width, self.height,
player.x, player.y, player.width, player.height)
and isAlive == true then
table.remove(enemies, i)
isAlive = false
gamestate = 'done'
end
end
end
end
function Enemies:render()
-- pixel aircrafts created by chabull and
-- distributed for free on OpenGameArt.org
for i, enemy in ipairs(enemies) do
love.graphics.draw(self.enemyimg, self.x, self.y)
end
end
-- function to check collision
-- returns true if 2 objects overlap, false if they don't
-- x1, y1 are left-top coords of the first object, while w1, h1 are its width and height
-- x2, y2, w2, h2 are the same, but for the second object
function CheckCollision(x1, y1, w1, h1, x2, y2, w2, h2)
if x1 < x2 + w2 and x2 < x1 + w1 and y1 < y2 + h2 and y2 < y1 + h1 then
return true
else
return false
end
end
I'm not a Love2d expert but Enemies.update is probably called every frame. Running a while loop with a condition gamestate == 'play' that most likely is true all the time in that function looks problematic to me.
You're basically trapped in an infinite loop instead of updating your game state.