Rails: Unknown Attribute error in ruby on rails - ruby-on-rails

Question

I'm going through the railstutorial.org book and getting Unknown attribute error in code
My User.rb file code is
# == Schema Information
#
# Table name: users
#
# id :integer not null, primary key
# name :string(255)
# email :string(255)
# created_at :datetime not null
# updated_at :datetime not null
#
class User < ActiveRecord::Base
attr_accessible :email, :name, :password, :password_confirmation
validates :name,presence:true,length: { maximum:50 }
VALID_EMAIL_REGEX = /\A[\w+\-.]+#[a-z\d\-.]+\.[a-z]+\z/i
validates :email,presence: true, format: { with: VALID_EMAIL_REGEX }, uniqueness:{ :case_sensitive => false }
before_save { |user| user.email = email.downcase }
end
and my user_spec.rb file code is
require 'spec_helper'
describe User do
before do
#user = User.new(name: "Example User", email: "user#example.com" , password:"foobar", password_confirmation: "foobar")
end
subject { #user }
it { should respond_to(:name) }
it { should respond_to(:email) }
it { should respond_to(:password_digest) }
it {should respond_to(:password) }
it {should respond_to(:password_confirmation)}
it { should be_valid }
describe "when name is not present" do
before { #user.name = " " }
it { should_not be_valid }
end
describe "when name is too long" do
before { #user.name = "a" * 51 }
it { should_not be_valid }
end
describe "when email format is invalid" do
it "should be invalid" do
addresses = %w[user#foo,com user_at_foo.org example.user#foo.
foo#bar_baz.com foo#bar+baz.com]
addresses.each do |invalid_address|
#user.email = invalid_address
#user.should_not be_valid
end
end
end
describe "when email format is valid" do
it "should be valid" do
addresses = %w[user#foo.COM A_US-ER#f.b.org frst.lst#foo.jp a+b#baz.cn]
addresses.each do |valid_address|
#user.email = valid_address
#user.should be_valid
end
end
end
describe "when email address is already taken" do
before do
user_with_same_email = #user.dup
user_with_same_email.save
end
it { should_not be_valid }
end
describe "when email address is already taken" do
before do
user_with_same_email = #user.dup
user_with_same_email.email = #user.email.upcase
user_with_same_email.save
end
it { should_not be_valid }
end
describe "when password is not present" do
before { #user.password = #user.password_confirmation = " " }
it { should_not be_valid }
end
describe "when password doesn't match confirmation" do
before { #user.password_confirmation = "mismatch" }
it { should_not be_valid }
end
end
and what is going in terminal is
ritesh#ritesh-desktop:~/projects/sample_app$ rails console
Loading development environment (Rails 3.2.9)
1.9.3p327 :001 > User.create(name: "Michael Hartl", email: "mhartl#example.com", password: "foobar", password_confirmation: nil)
ActiveRecord::UnknownAttributeError: unknown attribute: password
from /home/ritesh/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p327/gems/activerecord-3.2.9/lib/active_record/attribute_assignment.rb:88:in `block in assign_attributes'
from /home/ritesh/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p327/gems/activerecord-3.2.9/lib/active_record/attribute_assignment.rb:78:in `each'
from /home/ritesh/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p327/gems/activerecord-3.2.9/lib/active_record/attribute_assignment.rb:78:in `assign_attributes'
from /home/ritesh/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p327/gems/activerecord-3.2.9/lib/active_record/base.rb:497:in `initialize'
from /home/ritesh/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p327/gems/activerecord-3.2.9/lib/active_record/persistence.rb:44:in `new'
from /home/ritesh/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p327/gems/activerecord-3.2.9/lib/active_record/persistence.rb:44:in `create'
from (irb):1
from /home/ritesh/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p327/gems/railties-3.2.9/lib/rails/commands/console.rb:47:in `start'
from /home/ritesh/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p327/gems/railties-3.2.9/lib/rails/commands/console.rb:8:in `start'
from /home/ritesh/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p327/gems/railties-3.2.9/lib/rails/commands.rb:41:in `<top (required)>'
from script/rails:6:in `require'
from script/rails:6:in `<main>'
1.9.3p327 :002 >
please give some clue how to run rectify this error!!

Answer 1

Add a column by generating a migration:
rails generate migration AddPasswordToUsers password:string
Then run:
rake db:migrate
However, it looks like you're attempting to use has_secure_password, though you haven't added it to your User model. If this is the case, add the line has_secure_password to your User model and run this migration instead:
rails generate migration AddPasswordDigestToUsers password_digest:string

Answer 2

I faced this same issue when working on a Ruby on Rails application with a PostgreSQL database in production.
Here's how I solved it:
The issue was that I added some new columns to the table(s) in my development environment using migration files, but when I made a push to the production environment, I didn't create those new columns via migration.
All I had to do was to simply run a database migration in the production environment.
rails db:migrate
That's all.
I hope this helps