Parsing and Printing $PATH Using Unix - parsing

I've placed my PATH in a text file and would like to print each path on a newline using a simple command in UNIX.
I've found a long way to do it that goes like this...
cat Path.txt | awk -F\; '{print $1"\n", $2"\n", ... }'
This however seems inefficient so I know there must be a way to quickly print out my results on new lines each time without having to manually call each field separated by the delimiter.

Yet another way:
echo $PATH | tr : '\n'
or:
tr : '\n' <Path.txt

The tr solution is the right one but if you were going to use awk then there'd be no need for a loop:
$ echo "$PATH"
/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/cygdrive/c/winnt/system32:/cygdrive/c/winnt
$ echo "$PATH" | awk -F: -v OFS="\n" '$1=$1'
/usr/local/bin
/usr/bin
/cygdrive/c/winnt/system32
/cygdrive/c/winnt

I have a Perl script that I use for this:
#!/usr/bin/env perl
#
# "#(#)$Id: echopath.pl,v 1.8 2011/08/22 22:15:53 jleffler Exp $"
#
# Print the components of a PATH variable one per line.
# If there are no colons in the arguments, assume that they are
# the names of environment variables.
use strict;
use warnings;
#ARGV = $ENV{PATH} unless #ARGV;
foreach my $arg (#ARGV)
{
my $var = $arg;
$var = $ENV{$arg} if $arg =~ /^[A-Za-z_][A-Za-z_0-9]*$/;
$var = $arg unless $var;
my #lst = split /:/, $var;
foreach my $val (#lst)
{
print "$val\n";
}
}
I invoke it like:
echopath $PATH
echopath PATH
echopath LD_LIBRARY_PATH
echopath CDPATH
echopath MANPATH
echopath $CLASSPATH
etc. You can specify the variable name, or the value of the variable; it works both ways.

With Perl for UNIX/UNIX-likes :
echo $PATH | perl -F: -ane '{print join "\n", #F}'
With any OSes (tested on Windows XP, Linux, Minix, Solaris):
my $sep;
my $path;
if ($^O =~ /^MS/) {
$sep = ";";
$path = "Path";
}
else {
$sep = ":";
$path = "PATH";
}
print join "\n", split $sep, $ENV{$path} . "\n";
If using bash for Unix, try the following code :
printf '%s\n' ${PATH//:/ }
This use bash parameter expansion

awk:
echo $PATH|awk -F: '{gsub(/:/,"\n");print}'
perl:
echo $PATH|perl -F: -lane 'foreach(#F){print $_}'

for AWK, in addition to:
echo $PATH | awk -vFS=':' -vOFS='\n' '$1=$1'
You can:
echo $PATH | awk -vRS=':' '1'

Related

Extract bin name from Cargo.toml using Bash

I am trying to extract bin names from from Cargo.toml using Bash, I enabled perl regular expression like this
First attempt
grep -Pzo '(?<=(^\[\[bin\]\]))\s*name\s*=\s*"(.*)"' ./Cargo.toml
The regular expression is tested at regex101
But got nothing
the Pzo options usage can be found here
Second attempt
grep -P (?<=(^[[bin]]))\n*\sname\s=\s*"(.*)" ./Cargo.toml
Still nothing
grep -Pzo '(?<=(^\[\[bin\]\]))\s*name\s*=\s*"(.*)"' ./Cargo.toml
Cargo.toml
[[bin]]
name = "acme1"
path = "bin/acme1.rs"
[[bin]]
name = "acme2"
path = "src/acme1.rs"
grep:
grep -A1 '^\[\[bin\]\]$' |
grep -Po '(?<=^name = ")[^"]*(?=".*)'
or if you can use awk, this is more robust
awk '
$1 ~ /^\[\[?[[:alnum:]]*\]\]?$/{
if ($1=="[[bin]]" || $1=="[bin]") {bin=1}
else {bin=0}
}
bin==1 &&
sub(/^[[:space:]]*name[[:space:]]*=[[:space:]]*/, "") {
sub(/^"/, ""); sub(/".*$/, "")
print
}' cargo.toml
Example:
$ cat cargo.toml
[[bin]]
name = "acme1"
path = "bin/acme1.rs"
[bin]
name="acme2"
[[foo]]
name = "nobin"
[bin]
not_name = "hello"
name="acme3"
path = "src/acme3.rs"
[[bin]]
path = "bin/acme4.rs"
name = "acme4" # a comment
$ sh solution
acme1
acme2
acme3
acme4
Obviously, these are no substitute for a real toml parser.
With your shown samples and attempts, please try following code with tac + awk combination, which will be easier to maintain and does the job with easiness, which will be difficult in grep.
tac Input_file |
awk '
/^name =/{
gsub(/"/,"",$NF)
value=$NF
next
}
/^path[[:space:]]+=[[:space:]]+"bin\//{
print value
value=""
}
' |
tac
Explanation: Adding detailed explanation for above code.
tac Input_file | ##Using tac command on Input_file to print it in bottom to top order.
awk ' ##passing tac output to awk as standard input.
/^name =/{ ##Checking if line starts from name = then do following.
gsub(/"/,"",$NF) ##Globally substituting " with NULL in last field.
value=$NF ##Setting value to last field value here.
next ##next will skip all further statements from here.
}
/^path[[:space:]]+=[[:space:]]+"bin\//{ ##Checking if line starts from path followed by space = followed by spaces followed by "bin/ here.
print value ##printing value here.
value="" ##Nullifying value here.
}
' | ##Passing awk program output as input to tac here.
tac ##Printing values in their actual order.

how do capture(grep/awk/sed) substring from a string the value in shell

New to scripting. I have only one line & one file. How do I capture summerfruit value (ie "mango") & pass it to another variable from the below line.
.. abc.dfe summer.fruit=mango summer.vegetable=potato projects.blah ...
If your grep supports Perl-compatible regular expressions (PCRE):
summerfruit=$(grep -Po 'summer\.fruit=\K[^ ]+' file)
The \K doesn't print the matched summer.fruit= and [^ ]+ matches one or more non-space characters after the =.
without PCRE:
summerfruit=$(grep -o 'summer\.fruit=[^ ]*' file | grep -o '[^=]*$')
With sed:
summerfruit=$(sed 's/.*summer\.fruit=\([^ ]*\).*/\1/' file)
With awk:
summerfruit=$(awk '{
for (i=1;i<=NF;i++)
if ($i ~ /^summer\.fruit=/){ sub(/^[^=]*=/,"",$i); print $i; exit }
}' file)

numbers from egrep result in one line

I use egrep to output some lines with platform names:
XXX | egrep "i686-nptl-linux-gnu$|i686-w64-mingw32$|x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu$|x86_64-w64-mingw32$"
[30] i686-nptl-linux-gnu
[34] i686-w64-mingw32
[75] x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
[77] x86_64-w64-mingw32
what I need is:
export PLATNUMS=30,34,75,77
How can I pipe the egrep command to sed / awk / bash script?
Try:
$ command | awk -F'[][ \t]+' '/i686-nptl-linux-gnu$|i686-w64-mingw32$|x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu$|x86_64-w64-mingw32$/{printf "%s%s",(f?",":"export PLATNUMS="),$2; f=1} END{print""}'
export PLATNUMS=30,34,75,77
How it works
-F'[][ \t]+'
Use any number of spaces, tabs, or [ or ] as field separators.
/i686-nptl-linux-gnu$|i686-w64-mingw32$|x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu$|x86_64-w64-mingw32$/{...}`
For the lines of interest, perform the commands in curly braces.
printf "%s%s",(f?",":"export PLATNUMS="),$2; f=1
For the lines of interest, print what we want.
The variable f marks whether this is the first line of interest.
END{print""}
After reading all lines, print a newline.
Creating a shell variable
export PLATNUMS=$(command | awk -F'[][ \t]+' '/i686-nptl-linux-gnu$|i686-w64-mingw32$|x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu$|x86_64-w64-mingw32$/{printf "%s%s",(f?",":""),$2; f=1} END{print""}')
For example, if the file input contains your data:
$ export PLATNUMS=$(awk -F'[][ \t]+' '/i686-nptl-linux-gnu$|i686-w64-mingw32$|x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu$|x86_64-w64-mingw32$/{printf "%s%s",(f?",":""),$2; f=1} END{print""}' input)
$ declare -p PLATNUMS
declare -x PLATNUMS="30,34,75,77"
For those who prefer their commands spread out over multiple lines:
export PLATNUMS=$(command | awk -F'[][ \t]+' '
/i686-nptl-linux-gnu$|i686-w64-mingw32$|x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu$|x86_64-w64-mingw32$/{
printf "%s%s",(f?",":""),$2
f=1
}
END{
print""
}
')
Perhaps this way, I can't try with your egrep.
export PLATNUMS=$(XXX | egrep "i686-nptl-linux-gnu$|i686-w64-mingw32$|x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu$|x86_64-w64-mingw32$" | sed ':A;s/\[\([[0-9]*\)].*/\1/;$bB;N;bA;:B;s/\n/,/g')
echo $PLATNUMS
How this work ?
Your egrep command return a multiline text
so sed read this text line by line this way
sed '
:A # label A
# here with your example
# on the first line the pattern space look like that
# [30] i686-nptl-linux-gnu
# on the second line the pattern space look like
# 30
# [34] i686-w64-mingw32
s/\[\([[0-9]*\)].*/\1/ # substitute all digit enclose by [] by only the digit
# on the first line the pattern space become
# 30
# on the second line the pattern space become
# 30
# 34
# and so on for each line
$bB # on the last line jump to B
N # get a newline in the pattern space
bA # It is not the last line so jump to A
:B # label B
# here we have read all the line
# the pattern space look like that without the #
# 30
# 34
# 75
# 77
s/\n/,/g' # subtitute all \n by a comma
# the pattern space become
# 30,34,75,77
# $(XXX | egrep .... | sed ...) return 30,34,75,77 in the variable PLATNUMS
# It is better not to use all capital letters in your variable name
With GNU sed and tr:
$ XXX | egrep "i686-nptl-linux-gnu$|i686-w64-mingw32$|x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu$|x86_64-w64-mingw32$" | sed -E 's,]\s+.+$,,g' | sed 's,^\[,,g' | tr '\n' ',' | sed -E 's,(^.+$),export PLATNUMS=\1,' | sed 's/,$//' && echo
I'm not sure what you want to achieve but you might want to automatically eval the output export:
$ eval $(XXX | egrep "i686-nptl-linux-gnu$|i686-w64-mingw32$|x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu$|x86_64-w64-mingw32$" | sed -E 's,]\s+.+$,,g' | sed 's,^\[,,g' | tr '\n' ',' | sed -E 's,(^.+$),export PLATNUMS=\1,' | sed 's/,$//' && echo)
$ echo $PLATNUMS
30,34,75,77
If you ever think you need grep+sed or 2 greps or 2 seds or any other combination then you should use 1 call to awk instead, and you never need grep or sed when you're using awk:
export PLATNUMS=$(XXX | awk -F'[][]' '/(i686-nptl-linux-gnu|i686-w64-mingw32|x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu|x86_64-w64-mingw32)$/{p=(p ? p "," : "") $2} END{print p}')
Btw in case it's useful, here's a couple of briefer regexps:
(i686-(nptl-linux-gnu|w64-mingw32)|x86_64-(unknown-linux-gnu|w64-mingw32))$
((i686-nptl|x86_64-unknown)-linux-gnu|(i686|x86_64)-w64-mingw32)$
and depending on your input data (since this will include combinations not provided by the above) you MIGHT only need:
(i686|x86_64)-(nptl|unknown|w64)-(linux-gnu|mingw32)$

Use awk to parse and modify every CSV field

I need to parse and modify a each field from a CSV header line for a dynamic sqlite create table statement. Below is what works from the command line with the appropriate output:
echo ",header1,header2,header3"| awk 'BEGIN {FS=","}; {for(i=2;i<=NF;i++){printf ",%s text ", $i}; printf "\n"}'
,header1 text ,header2 text ,header3 text
Well, it breaks when it is run from within a bash shell script. I got it to work by writing the output to a file like below:
echo $optionalHeaders | awk 'BEGIN {FS=","}; {for(i=2;i<=NF;i++){printf ",%s text ", $i}; printf "\n"}' > optionalHeaders.txt
This sucks! There are a lot of examples that show how to parse/modify specific Nth fields. This issue requires each field to be modified. Is there a more concise and elegant Awk one liner that can store its contents to a variable rather than writing to a file?
sed is usually the right tool for simple substitutions on a single line. Take your pick:
$ echo ",header1,header2,header3" | sed 's/[^,][^,]*/& text/g'
,header1 text,header2 text,header3 text
$ echo ",header1,header2,header3" | sed -r 's/[^,]+/& text/g'
,header1 text,header2 text,header3 text
The last 1 above requires GNU sed to use EREs instead of BREs. You can do the same in awk using gsub() if you prefer:
$ echo ",header1,header2,header3" | awk '{gsub(/[^,]+/,"& text")}1'
,header1 text,header2 text,header3 text
I found the problem and it was me... I forgot to echo the contents of the variable to the Awk command. Brianadams comment was so simple that forced me to re-look at my code and find the problem! Thanks!
I am ok with resolving this but if anyone wants to propose a more concise and elegant Awk one liner - that would be cool.
You can try the following:
#! /bin/bash
header=",header1,header2,header3"
newhead=$(awk 'BEGIN {FS=OFS=","}; {for(i=2;i<=NF;i++) $i=$i" text"}1' <<<"$header")
echo "$newhead"
with output:
,header1 text,header2 text,header3 text
Instead of modifying fields one by one, another option is with a simple substitution:
echo ",header1,header2,header3" | awk '{gsub(/[^,]+/, "& text", $0); print}'
That is, replace a sequence of non-comma characters with text appended.
Another alternative would be replacing the commas, but due to the irregularities of your header line (first comma must be left alone, no comma at the end), that's a bit less easy:
echo ",header1,header2,header3" | awk '{gsub(/,/, " text,", $0); sub(/^ text,/, "", $0); print $0 " text"}'
Btw, the rough equivalent of the two commands in sed:
echo ",header1,header2,header3" | sed -e 's/[^,]\{1,\}/& text/g'
echo ",header1,header2,header3" | sed -e 's/\(.\),/\1 text,/g' -e 's/$/ text/'

How to keep from duplicating path variable in csh

It is typical to have something like this in your cshrc file for setting the path:
set path = ( . $otherpath $path )
but, the path gets duplicated when you source your cshrc file multiple times, how do you prevent the duplication?
EDIT: This is one unclean way of doing it:
set localpaths = ( . $otherpaths )
echo ${path} | egrep -i "$localpaths" >& /dev/null
if ($status != 0) then
set path = ( . $otherpaths $path )
endif
Im surprised no one used the tr ":" "\n" | grep -x techique to search if a given folder already exists in $PATH. Any reason not to?
In 1 line:
if ! $(echo "$PATH" | tr ":" "\n" | grep -qx "$dir") ; then PATH=$PATH:$dir ; fi
Here is a function ive made myself to add several folders at once to $PATH (use "aaa:bbb:ccc" notation as argument), checking each one for duplicates before adding:
append_path()
{
local SAVED_IFS="$IFS"
local dir
IFS=:
for dir in $1 ; do
if ! $( echo "$PATH" | tr ":" "\n" | grep -qx "$dir" ) ; then
PATH=$PATH:$dir
fi
done
IFS="$SAVED_IFS"
}
It can be called in a script like this:
append_path "/test:$HOME/bin:/example/my dir/space is not an issue"
It has the following advantages:
No bashisms or any shell-specific syntax. It run perfectly with !#/bin/sh (ive tested with dash)
Multiple folders can be added at once
No sorting, preserves folder order
Deals perfectly with spaces in folder names
A single test works no matter if $folder is at begginning, end, middle, or is the only folder in $PATH (thus avoiding testing x:*, *:x, :x:, x, as many of the solutions here implicitly do)
Works (and preserve) if $PATH begins or ends with ":", or has "::" in it (meaning current folder)
No awk or sed needed.
EPA friendly ;) Original IFS value is preserved, and all other variables are local to the function scope.
Hope that helps!
ok, not in csh, but this is how I append $HOME/bin to my path in bash...
case $PATH in
*:$HOME/bin | *:$HOME/bin:* ) ;;
*) export PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin
esac
season to taste...
you can use the following Perl script to prune paths of duplicates.
#!/usr/bin/perl
#
# ^^ ensure this is pointing to the correct location.
#
# Title: SLimPath
# Author: David "Shoe Lace" Pyke <eselle#users.sourceforge.net >
# : Tim Nelson
# Purpose: To create a slim version of my envirnoment path so as to eliminate
# duplicate entries and ensure that the "." path was last.
# Date Created: April 1st 1999
# Revision History:
# 01/04/99: initial tests.. didn't wok verywell at all
# : retreived path throught '$ENV' call
# 07/04/99: After an email from Tim Nelson <wayland#ne.com.au> got it to
# work.
# : used 'push' to add to array
# : used 'join' to create a delimited string from a list/array.
# 16/02/00: fixed cmd-line options to look/work better
# 25/02/00: made verbosity level-oriented
#
#
use Getopt::Std;
sub printlevel;
$initial_str = "";
$debug_mode = "";
$delim_chr = ":";
$opt_v = 1;
getopts("v:hd:l:e:s:");
OPTS: {
$opt_h && do {
print "\n$0 [-v level] [-d level] [-l delim] ( -e varname | -s strname | -h )";
print "\nWhere:";
print "\n -h This help";
print "\n -d Debug level";
print "\n -l Delimiter (between path vars)";
print "\n -e Specify environment variable (NB: don't include \$ sign)";
print "\n -s String (ie. $0 -s \$PATH:/looser/bin/)";
print "\n -v Verbosity (0 = quiet, 1 = normal, 2 = verbose)";
print "\n";
exit;
};
$opt_d && do {
printlevel 1, "You selected debug level $opt_d\n";
$debug_mode = $opt_d;
};
$opt_l && do {
printlevel 1, "You are going to delimit the string with \"$opt_l\"\n";
$delim_chr = $opt_l;
};
$opt_e && do {
if($opt_s) { die "Cannot specify BOTH env var and string\n"; }
printlevel 1, "Using Environment variable \"$opt_e\"\n";
$initial_str = $ENV{$opt_e};
};
$opt_s && do {
printlevel 1, "Using String \"$opt_s\"\n";
$initial_str = $opt_s;
};
}
if( ($#ARGV != 1) and !$opt_e and !$opt_s){
die "Nothing to work with -- try $0 -h\n";
}
$what = shift #ARGV;
# Split path using the delimiter
#dirs = split(/$delim_chr/, $initial_str);
$dest;
#newpath = ();
LOOP: foreach (#dirs){
# Ensure the directory exists and is a directory
if(! -e ) { printlevel 1, "$_ does not exist\n"; next; }
# If the directory is ., set $dot and go around again
if($_ eq '.') { $dot = 1; next; }
# if ($_ ne `realpath $_`){
# printlevel 2, "$_ becomes ".`realpath $_`."\n";
# }
undef $dest;
#$_=Stdlib::realpath($_,$dest);
# Check for duplicates and dot path
foreach $adir (#newpath) { if($_ eq $adir) {
printlevel 2, "Duplicate: $_\n";
next LOOP;
}}
push #newpath, $_;
}
# Join creates a string from a list/array delimited by the first expression
print join($delim_chr, #newpath) . ($dot ? $delim_chr.".\n" : "\n");
printlevel 1, "Thank you for using $0\n";
exit;
sub printlevel {
my($level, $string) = #_;
if($opt_v >= $level) {
print STDERR $string;
}
}
i hope thats useful.
I've been using the following (Bourne/Korn/POSIX/Bash) script for most of a decade:
: "#(#)$Id: clnpath.sh,v 1.6 1999/06/08 23:34:07 jleffler Exp $"
#
# Print minimal version of $PATH, possibly removing some items
case $# in
0) chop=""; path=${PATH:?};;
1) chop=""; path=$1;;
2) chop=$2; path=$1;;
*) echo "Usage: `basename $0 .sh` [$PATH [remove:list]]" >&2
exit 1;;
esac
# Beware of the quotes in the assignment to chop!
echo "$path" |
${AWK:-awk} -F: '#
BEGIN { # Sort out which path components to omit
chop="'"$chop"'";
if (chop != "") nr = split(chop, remove); else nr = 0;
for (i = 1; i <= nr; i++)
omit[remove[i]] = 1;
}
{
for (i = 1; i <= NF; i++)
{
x=$i;
if (x == "") x = ".";
if (omit[x] == 0 && path[x]++ == 0)
{
output = output pad x;
pad = ":";
}
}
print output;
}'
In Korn shell, I use:
export PATH=$(clnpath /new/bin:/other/bin:$PATH /old/bin:/extra/bin)
This leaves me with PATH containing the new and other bin directories at the front, plus one copy of each directory name in the main path value, except that the old and extra bin directories have bin removed.
You would have to adapt this to C shell (sorry - but I'm a great believer in the truths enunciated at C Shell Programming Considered Harmful). Primarily, you won't have to fiddle with the colon separator, so life is actually easier.
Well, if you don't care what order your paths are in, you could do something like:
set path=(`echo $path | tr ' ' '\n' | sort | uniq | tr '\n' ' '`)
That will sort your paths and remove any extra paths that are the same. If you have . in your path, you may want to remove it with a grep -v and re-add it at the end.
Here is a long one-liner without sorting:
set path = ( echo $path | tr ' ' '\n' | perl -e 'while (<>) { print $_ unless $s{$_}++; }' | tr '\n' ' ')
dr_peper,
I usually prefer to stick to scripting capabilities of the shell I am living in. Makes it more portable. So, I liked your solution using csh scripting. I just extended it to work on per dir in the localdirs to make it work for myself.
foreach dir ( $localdirs )
echo ${path} | egrep -i "$dir" >& /dev/null
if ($status != 0) then
set path = ( $dir $path )
endif
end
Using sed(1) to remove duplicates.
$ PATH=$(echo $PATH | sed -e 's/$/:/;s/^/:/;s/:/::/g;:a;s#\(:[^:]\{1,\}:\)\(.*\)\1#\1\2#g;ta;s/::*/:/g;s/^://;s/:$//;')
This will remove the duplicates after the first instance, which may or may not be what you want, e.g.:
$ NEWPATH=/bin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/bin:/bin
$ echo $NEWPATH | sed -e 's/$/:/; s/^/:/; s/:/::/g; :a; s#\(:[^:]\{1,\}:\)\(.*\)\1#\1\2#g; t a; s/::*/:/g; s/^://; s/:$//;'
/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/bin
$
Enjoy!
Here's what I use - perhaps someone else will find it useful:
#!/bin/csh
# ABSTRACT
# /bin/csh function-like aliases for manipulating environment
# variables containing paths.
#
# BUGS
# - These *MUST* be single line aliases to avoid parsing problems apparently related
# to if-then-else
# - Aliases currently perform tests in inefficient in order to avoid parsing problems
# - Extremely fragile - use bash instead!!
#
# AUTHOR
# J. P. Abelanet - 11/11/10
# Function-like alias to add a path to the front of an environment variable
# containing colon (':') delimited paths, without path duplication
#
# Usage: prepend_path ENVVARIABLE /path/to/prepend
alias prepend_path \
'set arg2="\!:2"; if ($?\!:1 == 0) setenv \!:1 "$arg2"; if ($?\!:1 && $\!:1 !~ {,*:}"$arg2"{:*,}) setenv \!:1 "$arg2":"$\!:1";'
# Function-like alias to add a path to the back of any environment variable
# containing colon (':') delimited paths, without path duplication
#
# Usage: append_path ENVVARIABLE /path/to/append
alias append_path \
'set arg2="\!:2"; if ($?\!:1 == 0) setenv \!:1 "$arg2"; if ($?\!:1 && $\!:1 !~ {,*:}"$arg2"{:*,}) setenv \!:1 "$\!:1":"$arg2";'
When setting path (lowercase, the csh variable) rather than PATH (the environment variable) in csh, you can use set -f and set -l, which will only keep one occurrence of each list element (preferring to keep either the first or last, respectively).
https://nature.berkeley.edu/~casterln/tcsh/Builtin_commands.html#set
So something like this
cat foo.csh # or .tcshrc or whatever:
set -f path = (/bin /usr/bin . ) # initial value
set -f path = ($path /mycode /hercode /usr/bin ) # add things, both new and duplicates
Will not keep extending PATH with duplicates every time you source it:
% source foo.csh
% echo $PATH
% /bin:/usr/bin:.:/mycode:/hercode
% source foo.csh
% echo $PATH
% /bin:/usr/bin:.:/mycode:/hercode
set -f there ensures that only the first occurrence of each PATH element is kept.
I always set my path from scratch in .cshrc.
That is I start off with a basic path, something like:
set path = (. ~/bin /bin /usr/bin /usr/ucb /usr/bin/X11)
(depending on the system).
And then do:
set path = ($otherPath $path)
to add more stuff
I have the same need as the original question.
Building on your previous answers, I have used in Korn/POSIX/Bash:
export PATH=$(perl -e 'print join ":", grep {!$h{$_}++} split ":", "'$otherpath:$PATH\")
I had difficulties to translate it directly in csh (csh escape rules are insane). I have used (as suggested by dr_pepper):
set path = ( `echo $otherpath $path | tr ' ' '\n' | perl -ne 'print $_ unless $h{$_}++' | tr '\n' ' '`)
Do you have ideas to simplify it more (reduce the number of pipes) ?

Resources