How to reduce the separation from other text using LaTeX minted? - latex

I want to use the minted package to give me syntax highlighting but it has a spacing of more than a centimeter.
Setting:
\setlength{\parskip}{0pt}
\setlength{\parsep}{0pt}
\setlength{\headsep}{0pt}
\setlength{\topskip}{0pt}
\setlength{\topmargin}{0pt}
\setlength{\topsep}{0pt}
\setlength{\partopsep}{0pt}
does not help at all. Is there any way to reduce the spacing from the rest of the text?

minted internally uses the Verbatim environment from the fancyvrb package. In the documentation of the implementation, the following formula for the spaces is given:
<topskip> = \topsep + \partopsep + \parskip
<botskip> = \topsep + \partopsep
And
Except when in label or after nobreak, \parskip is added with \addvspace, so that net space is:
MAX{\topsep (+\partopsep) + \parskip , \lastskip }
(The usual \#item works the same way.)
Hence, setting \partopsep to some other value does the trick; I’ve tried it, and you need a negative value to remove the margin:
\setlength\partopsep{-\topsep}
This removes most of the space between the text body and the code. To get a distance of 0.5cm, add its distance to that:
\setlength\partopsep{-\topsep}
\addtolength\partopsep{-\parskip}
\addtolength\partopsep{0.5cm}
An implementation can be found in https://tex.stackexchange.com/a/19423

If you want to change the line spacing you can use:
\linespread{1.0}
And play a little bit around with the number in the curly brackets.
The commands you have given as an example refer to the page environment.
See this Wiki for additional explanations and examples.

Related

Multiset notation in LaTeX

Does anyone know how to make (nice looking) double bracket multiset notation in LaTeX, i.e something like (\binom{n}{k}) where there are two outer brackets instead of 1 as in binomial? You can see an example of what I mean in http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiset under the heading "Multiset coefficients" with the double brackets.
In Wikipedia they typeset it as:
\left(\!\!{n\choose k}\!\!\right)
but although this works well for LaTeX in maths mode, with inline equations the outer bracket becomes much larger than the inner bracket.
I have also tried using
\genfrac{((}{))}{0pt}{}{n}{k}
but it has an error with the double brackets.
I am using \binom as well in my document, so I would like the bracket sizes to be similar for \binom and \multiset.
You can explicitly specify the size of the brackets via
\big( \Big( \bigg( or \Bigg(
Then use \! for negative space to get the brackets closer to each other.
One can use the e-TeX \middle command as follows:
\newcommand{\multibinom}[2]{
\left(\!\middle(\genfrac{}{}{0pt}{}{#1}{#2}\middle)\!\right)
}
This assumes that you are using the AMSmath package. If not, replace \genfrac with the appropriate construct using \atop.
(Of course this is a hack: the proper solution would be scalable glyphs for the doubled parenthesis, but I can't find any fonts that provide it.)
I'm surprised it wasn't googlable either, so I'll provide a solution here for posterity's sake.
It is also possible to define two different new commands, using \tbinom and \dbinom (section 4.11.2 of the User's Guide for the amsmath Package):
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\newcommand{\inlinebnm}[2]{\ensuremath{\big(\!\tbinom{#1}{#2}\!\big)}}
\newcommand{\displybnm}[2]{\bigg(\!\!\dbinom{#1}{#2}\!\!\bigg)}
\begin{document}
Text $\inlinebnm{a}{b}$ text. %% inline
Text \inlinebnm{a}{b} text. %% inline (also ok thanks to ensuremath)
\[
\displybnm{a}{b} %% display-style
\]
\end{document}

Problem with theorem decimal numbering in LaTeX

Below is the beginning of my LaTeX code. When I compile, theorem numbers do not show the decimal point. For example, the output shows Theorem 11 instead of Theorem 1.1. How can I fix this ?
\documentclass[smallcondensed]{svjour3}
\smartqed
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{mathptmx}
\usepackage{amssymb,amsmath,amsfonts,latexsym}
\usepackage{tikz}
\newtheorem{thm}{Theorem}[section]
\newtheorem{conj}[thm]{Conjecture}
\newtheorem{defn}[thm]{Definition}
\newtheorem{cor}[thm]{Corollary}
\newtheorem{clm}[thm]{Claim}
\newtheorem{fact}[thm]{Fact}
\newtheorem{lem}[thm]{Lemma}
it looks like this is a setting of the style file you are using (svjour3)
in the version i found here, line 804 contains the line
\def\#thmcountersep{}
which removes the separator. if you want you can add back the period ( \def\#thmcountersep{.} ) but if the style file was provided by a journal their default is probably their default. it may be worth having a look at some example articles from the journal
Have you tried putting a backslash before the period? Perhaps '.' serves some special function when you make theorems.

Typesetting a large matrix in LaTeX

I have a 3x12 matrix I'd like to input into my LaTeX (with amsmath) document but LaTeX seems to choke when the matrix gets larger than 3x10:
\begin{equation}
\textbf{e} =
\begin{bmatrix}
1&1&1&1&0&0&0&0&-1&-1&-1&-1\\
1&-1&0&0&1&1&-1&-1&0&0&1&-1\\
0&0&1&-1&1&-1&1&-1&1&-1&0&0
\end{bmatrix}
\end{equation}
The error: Extra alignment tab has been changed to \cr. tells me that I have more & than the bmatrix environment can handle. Is there a proper way to handle this? It also seems that the alignment for 1's and the -1's are different, is that also expected of the bmatrix?
From the amsmath documentation (texdoc amsmath):
The amsmath package provides some
environments for matrices beyond the
basic array environment of LATEX. The
pmatrix, bmatrix, Bmatrix, vmatrix and
Vmatrix have (respectively) ( ), [
], { }, | |, and ∥
∥ delimiters built in. For naming
consistency there is a matrix
environment sans delimiters. This is
not entirely redundant with the array
environment; the matrix environments
all use more economical horizontal
spacing than the rather prodigal
spacing of the array environment.
Also, unlike the array environment,
you don’t have to give column
specifications for any of the matrix
environments; by default you can have
up to 10 centered columns. (If you
need left or right alignment in a
column or other special formats you
must resort to array.)
i.e. bmatrix defaults to a 10 column maximum.
A footnote adds
More precisely: The maximum number of
columns in a matrix is determined by
the counter MaxMatrixCols (normal
value = 10), which you can change if
necessary using LATEX’s \setcounter or
\addtocounter commands.
If you came to this page looking for the exact command (thanks to Scott Wales for the answer), you want this in your preamble:
\setcounter{MaxMatrixCols}{20}
Where you can replace 20 with the maximum number of columns you want.
The answer by Scott is correct, but I've since learned you can override the alignment. Taken from http://texblog.net/latex-archive/maths/matrix-align-left-right/
\makeatletter
\renewcommand*\env#matrix[1][c]{\hskip -\arraycolsep
\let\#ifnextchar\new#ifnextchar
\array{*\c#MaxMatrixCols #1}}
\makeatother
Now allows the command:
\begin{bmatrix}[r] ....
to have right-alignment!
Instead of a bmatrix you can use +bmatrix from the tabularray package:
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tabularray}
\UseTblrLibrary{amsmath}
\begin{document}
\begin{equation}
\textbf{e} =
\begin{+bmatrix}
1&1&1&1&0&0&0&0&-1&-1&-1&-1\\
1&-1&0&0&1&1&-1&-1&0&0&1&-1\\
0&0&1&-1&1&-1&1&-1&1&-1&0&0
\end{+bmatrix}
\end{equation}
\end{document}

Latex Multiple Linebreaks

I use LaTeX to type up programming homeworks for classes. I need to do this:
my line of text blah blah blah
new line of text with blank line between
I know I can use double slash to break lines \\, but LaTeX will only take the first line break (complains about more) and starts a new line, it produces this :
my line of text blah blah blah
new line of text with blank line between
How can I get that extra line break in there so I can have space between my lines of text?
Line break accepts an optional argument in brackets, a vertical length:
line 1
\\[4in]
line 2
To make this more scalable with respect to font size, you can use other lengths, such as \\[3\baselineskip], or \\[3ex].
Do you want more space between paragraphs? Then you can change the parameter \parskip.
For example, try
\setlength{\parskip}{10pt plus 1pt minus 1pt}
This means that the space between paragraphs is usually 10pt, but can grow or shrink by up to 1pt. This means you give LaTeX the ability to change it up to one 1pt in order to achieve a better page layout. You can remove the plus and minus parts to make it always your specified length.
If you are trying to display source code, try the listings package or use verbatim. If you are trying to typeset pseudocode, try the algorithm package.
Insert some vertical space
blah blah blah \\
\vspace{1cm}
to scale to the font, use ex (the height of a lowercase "x") as the unit, and there are various predefined lengths related to the line spacing available, you might be particularly interested in baselineskip.
You can use the setspace package which gives you spacing environments, e.g.:
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{setspace}
\begin{document}
\doublespace
my line of text blah blah blah
new line of text with blank line between
\end{document}
Or use a verbatim environment to control the layout of your code precisely.
For programs you are really better off with a verbatim or alltt environment, but if you want a blank line that LaTeX will not bitch about, try
my line of text blah blah blah\\
\mbox{ }\\ %% space followed by newline
new line of text with blank line between
While verbatim might be the best choice, you can also try the commands \smallskip , \medskip or guess what, \bigskip .
Quoting from this page:
These commands can only be used after
a paragraph break (which is made by
one completely blank line or by the
command \par). These commands output
flexible or rubber space,
approximately 3pt, 6pt, and 12pt high
respectively, but these commands will
automatically compress or expand a
bit, depending on the demands of the
rest of the page
I find that when I include a blank line in my source after the \\ then I also get a blank line in my output. Example:
It's time to recognize the income tax as another horrible policy mistake like banning beer, and to return to the tax policies that were correct in the Constitution in the first place. Our future depends on it.
\\
Wherefore the 16th Amendment must forthwith be repealed.
However you are correct that LaTeX only lets you do this once. For a more general solution allowing you to make as many blank lines as you want, use \null to make empty paragraphs. Example:
It's time to recognize the income tax as another horrible policy mistake like banning beer, and to return to the tax policies that were correct in the Constitution in the first place. Our future depends on it.
\null
\null
\null
Wherefore the 16th Amendment must forthwith be repealed.
\\\\
This works on pdfLatex. It creates 2 new lines for you.
Maybe try inserting lines with only a space?
\ \\
\ \\
This just worked for me:
I was trying to leave a space in the Apple Pages new LaTeX input area. I typed the following and it left a clean line.
\mbox{\phantom{0}}\\

In LaTeX, how does one get a colon instead of a full stop after a theorem?

I want to know if there is some way to change that full stop after Definition. to a colon, i.e. to get Definition: (and for the other environments in the "definition" theoremstyle).
The easiest approach may be to define yourself a new style:
\newtheoremstyle{stylename} % name of the style to be used
{spaceabove}% measure of space to leave above the theorem. E.g.: 3pt
{spacebelow}% measure of space to leave below the theorem. E.g.: 3pt
{bodyfont}% name of font to use in the body of the theorem
{indent}% measure of space to indent
{headfont}% name of head font
{headpunctuation}% punctuation between head and body
{headspace}% space after theorem head; " " = normal interword space
{headspec}% Manually specify head
In this case, you would copy the existing definition style, and then change the value of headpunctuation.
AMS LaTeX should be included in any modern distribution. It (or the amsthm standalone package ([docs here PDF link!)) provides the \theoremstyle and \newtheoremstyle commands.

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