When should you use an empty array in a web application? [closed] - ruby-on-rails

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I'm learning Ruby and several tutorials introduce empty arrays and pushing values in them.
I googled "When are empty arrays used?" and there seems to be no web pages that talk about practical empty array usage.
My assumption is that empty arrays are used when arrays elements are unknown and external input provides the array elements. But I cannot think of any examples...

One example would be errors when they are encountered. e.g. in validation
errors[:base] << "Value must be an integer."

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Swift AFError , debugDescription : "The given data was not valid JSON." [closed]

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When i decode my result y got this error ResponseSerializationFailureReason, this happens in calls with accents, if i have not accent decode good.
I want to decode the service result
Given your description, whatever is generating the JSON is not using UTF-8. It's probably using Latin-1, or possibly one of the Windows code pages (but I'm betting Latin-1).

Encoding or Mapping [closed]

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I am a bit confuse about how to handle categorical data for machine learning algorithm. There are some ways that I found on the internet, which are: Encoding only, Encoding followed by OneHotEncoding, and mapping with number 1, 2, 3, etc.
Can someone help me to understand when to use each of those ways?
There are multiple ways by which you can encode your categories depending on the nature of your data. It also depends on the algorithm that you're going to use as you can't use the same method of encoding for every model. Based on your method of encoding, you might even need to change your model cross validation strategy to avoid leakage.
Check this out - https://towardsdatascience.com/all-about-categorical-variable-encoding-305f3361fd02

Why use Localizable Strings in objective c vs Traditional Hash Maps? [closed]

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Question is basically in the title. Just looking for a simple answer
If you use NSLocalizedString, you don't have to write your own code to detect and load resources per locale, and instead rely on widely used and reliable code provided by the system. This saves time in development and debugging, and your code will be easier to understand by other developers familiar with the system.

How do i look at the relationships being created at Rails boot up? [closed]

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I would like to see the wiring that is going on behind the scenes and double-check that i have defined my relationships correctly.
It's not really clear what you're looking to do with the relationships, but every ActiveRecord subclass defines a method called "reflections" which you could use to inspect all of these relationships. Each reflection tells you what kind of relationship it is, what options there are, and tons of other info.
MyClass.reflections

Linked Data and Tagging [closed]

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Does linked data applications use tagging for easier information retrieval? Where to get information on this specific topic?
For semantic annotation (tagging) the following applications would be good starting points:
http://gate.ac.uk/
http://www.ontotext.com/kim
Especially the GATE system includes a lot of information and tutorials related to both POS-tagging and ontology-based semantic tagging.
And yes, once your text has been semantically tagged, it is much easier to connect it to other pieces of text using the extra semantic medatada.

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