I would like to know whether there is any way to specify constraints explicitly for a particular device(iPhone 6,iPad Air etc..) on Xcode interface builder.
Yes, you can assign constraint to particular device size, it's not a specific device like iPhone 5Se or iPhone 6 but is kind of specific size classes, like compact or regular.
Click on view as on the bottom left of storyboard and you will see different options of devices size, now on the bottom right of storyboard you can see vary for traits.
Now if you click height you can see devices which will effect and if you add any constraint or view here it will only affect these devices.
If you deselect height and select width, you will see different set of devices
You can use mix and match and set different constraints and can add different views for different size classes.
For more info on this please visit following links
Apple docs on Size Classes
WWDC video on What's new in AutoLayout
Related
I am using AutoLayout and Size classes, but with release of iOS 10 and new Xcode 8.0, there is one new option Vary for Traits. Is this replacement of Size Classe for different width and height of devices.
By selection of width checkbox, it displays varying 14 compact width devices.
By selection of height checkbox, it displays varying 18 compact height devices.
By selection of both checkbox, it displays varying 11 compact width regular height devices.
How to make use of this options ?
Can we use AutoLayout with size classes as like Xcode7.0 ?
If any one has in depth knowledge then please explain it.
This is just an extension as to how to use "Vary Traits" quickly in your project for adding different layouts for iPad and iPhones.
Please read this for understanding more on the Size classes.
https://developer.apple.com/reference/uikit/uitraitcollection
If you are skipping the example which follows below, do read the Summary in the end.
OBJECTIVE :
You need a button having different widths in iPhone and iPad. The former having width of 80 and latter having a width of 300.
METHOD 1 :
Vary for Traits with Multiple Constraints as installed.
STEPS :
Add the common constraints first like Center the button horizontally and vertically.
Choose VaryForTraits and for iPhone screens as per the size class guidelines , a C*R size class fits the model and this we check the tickmarks of Width & Height in PopUp. Dismiss the pop-up by clicking anywhere on screen.
Add the width constant and check whether the constraint is added for C*R size-class. After adding constraints, choose Done Varying button.
For iPad screens, again select any iPad device and choose VaryForTraits and this time on clicking height-width, it should show R*R variation.
Again add a width constraint, the last added iPhone width constraint must be unhighlighted as in the screenshot. The value added will be for the size-class R*R this time.
Switch back to iPhone layout and it takes 80 as width and iPad will take 300.
CONCLUSION :
Please notice that there are total of two constraints added and in both the constraints, the values differ according to the size-class chosen.
METHOD 2 :
Vary for Traits with Single Constraint , Multiple Size-Class installed
STEPS :
Add the normal width constraint. Then select that constraint and choose the + button besides the Constant value.
Add trait variation, and for iPhone we choose C*R and set the constant value as 100.
Again for iPad which follows a trait variation as R*R, we add another variation by clicking again on + button and set the value as 300.
Select an iPad and the width will be automatically taken as 300 and coming back to iPhone it takes 100 as value.
CONCLUSION :
This seems to be a better option rather than adding two constraints when a single constraint is only required and the constant value differs.
WHEN TO USE, WHAT TO USE :
Both the approaches are basically doing the same thing, setting values to Size-classes.
But, #Method1 is used when you want to add a constraint specifically for a device or say size-class. For example, in iPhone the button should be from Top 50 pts and in iPad it should be centered horizontally and vertically. In such situations, you need to use VaryForTraits as it opens doors to add constraints for a specific size class.
#Method2 is used when you want different constant values for a same constraint type.
P.S : TO ALL THOSE WHO ARE NOT ABLE TO GET THE EXAMPLE WORKING
Please make sure, you are adding only the required constraints as Installed. The checkbox against Installed should only appear for the constraint that you need for a size class. That is the key!
Just add a top constraint & a leading to an uiButton in a view. Select the top constraint and uncheck the basic Installed option with Plus sign. Now, by clicking on the Plus sign, add variation to CR and check that option. Now, change the device from iPhone to iPad with various orientation combinations. This constraint will be applied only for CR size class which is iPhone in portrait orientation. If the checkbox against the basic Installed (the one with Plus symbol) was checked that means the constraint should be applied to all size classes.
SUMMARY :
Trait Variation is a change to the presentation of your user interface that is based on a device configuration. Trait Variations of the user interface is not just limited to constraints but can be applied to much more. Such as changing the color of the background and other elements when the device is set to a dark style. A variation can apply to an element of the user interface, such removing a constraint, or to a property of a view class or constraint, such as the font for a label. You can vary:
Size or position of a view
Installation of a view
Installation of a constraint
Constraint constant
Font
Color for the font, tint, or background
Layout margins
Image file
The specific set of properties you can vary depends on the class of the element. In the example, we have demonstrated the use of- Installation of a constraint & - Constraint constant . Others, are quite simple and can be easily inferred.
Vary for traits is the evolution of size classes option that was present in the past version of Xcode. It allows a much more nifty and precise variation based on traits. Of course, it is not limited to iPad/iPhone only variations but you can specify also variations based on orientation and different device.
Other answers in this thread have some lacks and inaccuracies, perhaps the most efficient way to give an answer is to make an example. For the sake of clarity we will limit our example to only a button and two layouts. However, as explained below, you can extend the following example as you wish. Our goal is to to adjust the position of a button between two different layouts: landscape and portrait on all devices.
Note: If not enabled “vary for traits” option, all layout and ui interface adjustments are referred to all traits (ie. all size classes).
Let’s start by putting a button on our storyboard. Since “vary for traits” is not enabled, the button will be present in all different layouts. If, instead, we had enabled vary for traits the button would be referred only to the particular trait selected.
Now, let’s enable “vary for trait” and choose a variation based on height. You should see that the bottom screen will turn in blue and according to the selection you will see all the device impacted. So far, so good.
Select again the button and add the constraints ad usual. In our example, we will add top and left leading space as well as width and height. After that, click on the “Done Varying”. You will see that the bottom part of the screen will turn gray again. What is happening is that we have told Interface Builder to add the above constraints only for the (w:C h:R) classes.
Now select the landscape mode on the bottom of the screen. You will see that the Button is in red, because it lacks the constraints that you have added only for some traits. Select again vary for traits and select again the height variation. Add the following constraints:
and press done varying. Now the button is well identified on the screen both for landscape and portrait.
Build and run. You will see that the button will change according to the orientation of the screen.
You can create more advanced layouts following this pattern. For example, you can select at the beginning a vary for traits and drop UIKit objects only for a specific trait. This object will be present only in the specified variant and will be greyed out on the others one allowing you to create completely different user interfaces based on traits.
It is nothing but size classes it self but with different representation. till xcode 7 we used size classes and we consider height-width in regular,compact and any manner, in vary for traits concept is same but xcode specifically explain exact device. In older version we know that for every iphone in portraint etc kind of information where in this we can know exact device!
Check the below screen shots,
You should refer wwdc2016 - video for more information!
Reference : This So Post
I need to create an app with adaptive UI. for that I use auto layout and size class. but i can't get the expected result. it displays different UIs for different screen sizes. kindly guide me to create the adaptive UI(for all screen sizes). Thanks in advance.
This is indeed problem with constraints as mentioned in comments to your question. Using size classes only allows you to set constraints for all iphones at lowest level (that's why screen size for size class Compact x Regular is same for all iphones in xcode).
It is difficult to help you, without knowing all of your constraints. My advice is, use Preview assistant, where you can see all of your devices and generated UI. By opening this Preview assistant, tap on bottom "+" symbol and add device you wish to inspect.
As you can see on this screenshot, in my storyboard, there are margins around the middle view, however on iPhone 4, where width is smaller, these margins are lower (they have lower priority as constraint), while view retains it's width/height.
I am using Xcode 6.1 and in one of the views I have, contains many labels. However, these labels look different in each different devices. Although I have add constraints to all the labels, but still facing the same issue.
How can I get the same view layout across all devices?
How can I make the width and height for each label is flexible, depends on the screen size?
Do I need to design different xib for each device?
The following images showing the result am getting, with auto resize enabled, and constants been added.
on iPhone 6
on iPhone 5
on iPhone iOS 7.1
We have provided with a simple solution . Using Aspect ratio constraint we can get a relative look in all device screens.
I had the same issue and I found this >>
http://mathewsanders.com/designing-adaptive-layouts-for-iphone-6-plus/
So when designing for lowest to highest screen resolution we can't set a specific width and height for all controls as it may look weird. So using this constraint we can have a relative look for all screens.
If you don't want to use constraints or you want to keep the same width & height , you can add scrollview to hold all controls. For that you can set a resizing frame for scrollview with fixed content size .
To solve this...
1) Go to xib file and uncheck the Auto layout
2) Then set the autosizing manually in the following manner for each and every subview.
Use self.view.bounds.size.width to get the width of screen, then use relative value to initialize all labels.
One soultion is that you can Design a story board for each screen size like one for iphone 5, one for iphone 6 and one for iphone 6+ and in your AppDelegate method "didFinishLaunchingWithOptions" you can get the screen size and popup corresponding storyboard
in this wasy you can set different constraints according to different screen size
So I've been using size classes in Xcode 6 beta. I started out by putting some buttons in the middle of the screen in the AnyxAny base class. They showed up on the right side of the screen when I then ran the app in the iPhone simulator. To fix this, I went into the compactxregular size class and dragged the buttons to the middle and spaced them out a little. Then, when I ran it in the simulator, nothing had changed. Why? Is it just a glitch in the beta version or am I not doing something right? It worked when I added a center x alignment constraint to the buttons but I still wanted to do some spacing. (and also, what's the point of the size classes if I could just do it using constraints?)
The size classes are important so you can add individual constraints per size class (using the same storyboard). It has the flexibility to allow you to share certain constraints between all sizes devices and orientations, or just a single.
Click on each constraint you add and on the right menu, you can toggle which size class you'd like to add the constraint for. (It's the + button next to the installed check marks)
You can specify different constraints for different size classes. Watch the WWDDC 2014 video View Controller Advancements in iOS 8 to see how to do it in IB. If you can specify the layout you need without size classes, don’t bother; they’re just for overrides.
I want add one UIView – which has various number of UILabel objects – to a UIViewController.
How is it possible to set up constrains via auto-layout so, that if rotation occurs, and view width decrease, than height should increase, and labels should fit in like below, as CSS float do it.
Is it possible with interface builder and not programmatically?
UPDATE
Meantime I experimented iOS8 new interface builder feature called Size Classes (WWDC 2014 What's New in Interface Builder from 29:59), as matt has recommended down. But as I see, it supports something different, that I am looking for. Size Classes aim is to put different xibs (iPhone, iPad) into one xib, to have one xib instead of more.
In my case it does not help. What I have done to set up different auto-layout constrains for these two size classes:
But when I was running the application in iPad 4 simulator - what is the main target for my app - it used always the regular width / any height size class, and never the any width / any height, what my original expectation would have.
I do not know what "in a floating way" means. But in Xcode 6 you can easily do what you're describing, changing the constraints in an iPhone app so that the fourth label drops down to the next line, using the new conditional constraints (size classes) feature. With this feature, you can have one set of constraints for one set of size classes (e.g. iPhone in landscape) and another for a different set of size classes (e.g. iPhone in portrait).
Prior to Xcode 6, the answer would be no, you can't do that using IB alone. Code of some sort, whether a collection view or your own code responding to rotation/layout, would have to change the constraints.
With UICollectionView you can set up layout like CSS float.